Latest in Pulmonary News

Latest in Pulmonary News2019-02-15T07:28:32-05:00

Thirty-Day Hospital Readmission Metric Linked to Increased Mortality for HF and Pneumonia

Physicians are at increased pressure to reduce readmissions for certain chronic diseases. A recent study found that implementation of the 30-day readmission rules has been associated with increased 30-day post-discharge mortality for those hospitalized for heart failure and pneumonia.

Post-discharge deaths have increased by 0.25% for patients hospitalized with heart failure and by 0.40% for patients with pneumonia since the implementation of the 30-day readmission rules.
There are approximately 8 million hospitalizations during the study period. Such small increases may account for a large number of deaths.

The findings, published online in JAMA, come from a retrospective cohort study that compared mortality rates among 8.3 million Medicare beneficiaries hospitalized for these common conditions before and after implementation of the Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program (HRRP). This early data should lead physicians to exercise caution in discharging patients prematurely.

Source: Association of the Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program With Mortality Among Medicare Beneficiaries Hospitalized for Heart Failure, Acute Myocardial Infarction, and Pneumonia. JAMA. 2018;320(24):2542-2552. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.19232

Add Corticosteroids to Your Arsenal for the treatment of Inpatient Community-Acquired Pneumonia.

Corticosteroids were both beneficial and cost-effective for hospitalized adults with severe CAP. Hospitalized people with non-severe CAP may also benefit from corticosteroid therapy, but with no survival advantage

In 2015, results of two randomized trials showed that systemic corticosteroids were beneficial for some hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP; NEJM JW Gen Med Mar 15 2015 and JAMA 2015; 313:677; NEJM JW Gen Med Mar 1 2015 and Lancet 2015; 385:1511). Now, two new meta-analyses — one by the Cochrane Library, and one by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) — address whether CAP patients should receive systemic corticosteroids routinely.

These meta-analyses suggest that low-dose (≈40 mg), short-course (3–7 days) systemic corticosteroids should be strongly considered for hospitalized adults with severe CAP. These results do not apply to outpatients with CAP or to inpatients with hospital-acquired pneumonia or ventilator-associated pneumonia. Several ongoing randomized trials probably will clarify steroid use further for pneumonia indications.

Source:
The Cost-effectiveness of Corticosteroids for the treatment of Community-Acquired Pneumonia
Chest. 2018 Nov 15. pii: S0012-3692(18)32727-2. doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2018.11.001.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30448195?dopt=Abstract

Home oxygen therapy for COPD: Does it matter whether the patient is hypoxemic? Evidence vs Reality

Home oxygen therapy for COPD: Does it matter whether the patient is hypoxemic? Evidence vs Reality?

Long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) is given to improve survival time in people with COPD and severe chronic hypoxemia at rest. The efficacy of oxygen therapy for breathlessness and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in people with COPD and mild or no hypoxemia who do not meet the criteria for LTOT has not been established. Scientific evidence for its benefits of LTOT dates back to the 1980s when two randomized controlled trials showed prolonged survival in COPD-patients undergoing LTOT for at least 15 hours/day. In contrast, the potential benefits of LTOT in non-COPD-patients has not been well researched and the recommendations for its application are primarily extrapolated from trials on COPD-patients.

Recent Cochrane analysis found that oxygen can relieve breathlessness when given during exercise to mildly hypoxaemic and non-hypoxaemic people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who would not otherwise qualify for home oxygen therapy. Findings show that COPD patients without severe hypoxemia undergoing oxygen therapy during exercise training over time do not achieve better exercise capacity or health-related quality of life compared with placebo.

However, LTOT has a beneficial effect on quality of life, dyspnea, and exercise capacity in patients with COPD and exertional hypoxemia.

Source:
Oxygen for breathlessness in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who do not qualify for home oxygen therapy
https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD006429.pub3/full

J Bras Pneumol. 2018 Sep-Oct;44(5):390-397. doi: 10.1590/S1806-37562017000000019.
Impact of adherence to long-term oxygen therapy on patients with COPD and exertional hypoxemia followed for one year.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30517340

Latest in Pulmonary Research

  1. Lentini, LJ, Woode, ST, Margolies, L, Yip, R, Henschke, CI, Yankelevitz, DF et al.. Low-Dose Chest CT-Participating in the Rise of Breast Density Awareness. J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2025; :. doi: 10.1177/15409996251372349. PubMed PMID:40865114 .
  2. Lin, JK, Niu, J, Giordano, SH, Li, P, Snyder, RA, Liao, K et al.. Racial and Ethnic Disparities Along the Treatment Cascade Among Medicare Fee-for-Service Beneficiaries With Metastatic Breast, Colorectal, Lung, and Prostate Cancers. J Clin Oncol. 2025; :JCO2402440. doi: 10.1200/JCO-24-02440. PubMed PMID:40865035 .
  3. Ahn, Y, Lee, SM, Kim, Y, Kim, C, Lee, H, Kim, JI et al.. Central Tumor Location in Resected Lung Adenocarcinoma: Association with Recurrence and Survival Outcomes. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2025; :. doi: 10.2214/AJR.25.33503. PubMed PMID:40864987 .
  4. La, HT, Nhu, QBT, Tran, HM, Ngo, HT, Le, PMT, Hoang, HH et al.. Cloning and Functional Characterization of a Novel Brevinin-1-Type Peptide from Sylvirana guentheri with Anticancer Activity. Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2025;47 (8):. doi: 10.3390/cimb47080673. PubMed PMID:40864826 .
  5. Hong, CE, Lyu, SY. Mistletoe in Cancer Cell Biology: Recent Advances. Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2025;47 (8):. doi: 10.3390/cimb47080672. PubMed PMID:40864825 .
  6. Ryu, CW, Lee, J, Han, G, Lee, JY, Bae, JS. Inhibitory Effects of 3-Deoxysappanchalcone on Particulate-Matter-Induced Pulmonary Injury. Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2025;47 (8):. doi: 10.3390/cimb47080608. PubMed PMID:40864761 .
  7. Sharma, S, Prathigudupu, V, Cable, C, Serrano, LR, Nerella, S, Chen, A et al.. Resolving fibrosis by stimulating HSC-dependent extracellular matrix degradation. Sci Transl Med. 2025;17 (813):eads9470. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.ads9470. PubMed PMID:40864684 .
  8. McCright, SJ, Harding, O, Chini, J, DeMarco, N, Hung, LY, Pastore, CF et al.. Dietary saturated fatty acids promote lung myeloid cell inflammasome activation and IL-1β-mediated inflammation in mice and humans. Sci Transl Med. 2025;17 (813):eadp5653. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adp5653. PubMed PMID:40864681 .
  9. Tarr, JC, Jeon, K, Veerasamy, N, Aichinger, M, Salovich, JM, Zhao, B et al.. Discovery of Macrocyclic Myeloid Cell Leukemia 1 (Mcl-1) Inhibitors that Demonstrate Potent Cellular Efficacy and In Vivo Activity in a Mouse Solid Tumor Xenograft Model. J Med Chem. 2025; :. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5c01376. PubMed PMID:40864607 .
  10. Lang, C, Bärenfaller, K, Brüggen, MC, El Saadany, T, Illi, B, Furrer, PR et al.. Clinical Presentation and Causes of Prosthesis-Related Hypersensitivity Reactions: An Analysis of 225 Patients. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2025; :1-9. doi: 10.1159/000547103. PubMed PMID:40864605 .
  11. Peterson, KE, Olson, NM, Dahlseid, DJ, Artymiuk, JM, Erber, L, Vitorino, FNL et al.. BPTF Target Engagement by Acetylated H2A.Z Photoaffinity Probes. Biochemistry. 2025; :. doi: 10.1021/acs.biochem.5c00378. PubMed PMID:40864556 .
  12. Gorozhanin, AV, Fedyakov, AG, Potapova, YO, Kozlova, YA, Khanmukhometov, FO, Gordienko, EN et al.. [Extracranial metastasis of WHO Grade I benign meningioma: a clinical case and literature review]. Zh Vopr Neirokhir Im N N Burdenko. 2025;89 (4):106-111. doi: 10.17116/neiro202589041106. PubMed PMID:40864541 .
  13. Esipov, AV, Antonov, GI, Manukovsky, VA, Ivanov, II, Timonin, SY, Kelin, AO et al.. [Complications of gunshot wounds and blunt injuries of the spine and spinal cord in early period]. Zh Vopr Neirokhir Im N N Burdenko. 2025;89 (4):30-38. doi: 10.17116/neiro20258904130. PubMed PMID:40864533 .
  14. Pecci, F, Li, H, Di Federico, A, Wu, J, Chen, H, Gariazzo, E et al.. First-line MET tyrosine kinase inhibitors versus immunotherapy ± chemotherapy for patients with MET exon 14 skipping mutant metastatic NSCLC. Clin Cancer Res. 2025; :. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-25-1735. PubMed PMID:40864503 .
  15. Wang, J, Ichiji, K, Zeng, Y, Zhang, X, Takai, Y, Homma, N et al.. Deep learning-based dual-energy subtraction synthesis from single-energy kV x-ray fluoroscopy for markerless tumor tracking. Med Biol Eng Comput. 2025; :. doi: 10.1007/s11517-025-03432-9. PubMed PMID:40864422 .
  16. Yi, L, Yao, H, Bai, Z, Xu, Z, Li, H, Cheng, Y et al.. Effect of neoadjuvant targeted therapy on the tumor microenvironment in resectable lung adenocarcinoma. Cell Oncol (Dordr). 2025; :. doi: 10.1007/s13402-025-01101-5. PubMed PMID:40864402 .
  17. Dudeja, R, Nisa, S, Yusuf, M, Malik, AK. Synthesis, Antimicrobial Potential and Copper (II) Sensing Application of New Thiosemicarbazone and Semicarbazone Derivatives. J Fluoresc. 2025; :. doi: 10.1007/s10895-025-04462-0. PubMed PMID:40864361 .
  18. Zhang, B, Huang, R, Tang, Z, Hu, Y. CAF-derived exosomal LncRNA ANRIL promotes glycolytic metabolism and proliferation in non-small cell lung cancer via the miR-186-5p/HIF-1α axis. Discov Oncol. 2025;16 (1):1638. doi: 10.1007/s12672-025-03109-7. PubMed PMID:40864330 .
  19. Elshaer, M, Hammad, A, Gao, Y, Wang, XJ, Tang, X. Aberrant DNA methylation and overexpression of NR0B1 are prognostic biomarkers in KEAP1-mutant lung adenocarcinomas. Discov Oncol. 2025;16 (1):1641. doi: 10.1007/s12672-025-03484-1. PubMed PMID:40864301 .
  20. Ameri Shah Reza, M, Najafi, S, Kahfi, M, Safari, M, Mahjoor, M. Beta-glucans in oncology: revolutionizing treatment with immune power & tumor targeting. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2025; :. doi: 10.1007/s00210-025-04519-8. PubMed PMID:40864254 .
  21. Ricoy, ACS, Braga, MP, Lacerda, TTF, Martins, FRB, Mendes, AC, Teixeira, MM et al.. Dasatinib inhibits betacoronavirus replication in macrophages and attenuates pro-inflammatory mediators via SRC-MAPK pathway modulation. Med Microbiol Immunol. 2025;214 (1):37. doi: 10.1007/s00430-025-00850-2. PubMed PMID:40864243 .
  22. Chang, CC, Huang, PW, Lin, JC, Tsai, JT, Hsu, SM. Risk factors for early-onset radiodermatitis in patients with locally advanced breast cancer: a comparative analysis of volumetric modulated arc therapy and intensity-modulated radiotherapy. Breast Cancer. 2025; :. doi: 10.1007/s12282-025-01762-y. PubMed PMID:40864234 .
  23. Alvisi, P, Congiu, M, Scarallo, L, Aloi, M, Romano, C, Dilillo, D et al.. Update on pediatric inflammatory bowel diseases epidemiology during SARS-CoV-2 outbreak:data from the Italian society of pediatric gastroenterology, epatology and nutrition registry. Eur J Pediatr. 2025;184 (9):581. doi: 10.1007/s00431-025-06422-z. PubMed PMID:40864224 .
  24. Chen, W, Qi, H, Jiao, W, Guo, Y, Wang, Y, Liu, J et al.. Etiological characteristics of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection and macrolide resistance in children in beijing: a retrospective study from 2018 to 2024. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2025; :. doi: 10.1007/s10096-025-05230-5. PubMed PMID:40864188 .
  25. Hayashi, Y, Domai, FM, Dhoubhadel, BG. Quantitative Methods for Evaluating Antibody Responses to Pneumococcal Vaccines: A Scoping Review. Trop Med Infect Dis. 2025;10 (8):. doi: 10.3390/tropicalmed10080236. PubMed PMID:40864139 .
Search PubMed

Search Terms: Asthma, COPD, Lung Cancer, Pneumonia, Pulmonary Fibrosis

Copyright © 2016 Allergy Sleep & Lung Care. All Rights Reserved.
This website does not contain medical advice and the use of this website does not create a physician/patient relationship between you and Allergy Sleep & Lung Care.
Terms of Use | HIPAA Privacy Policy | Sitemap | Privacy Policy

Go to Top